Izikhungo zezempilo zasemalokishini ziyizikhungo zezempilo zomphakathi ezihlelwe uhulumeni, futhi ziyisizinda senethiwekhi yezinsizakalo zezempilo zasemakhaya zaseShayina ezinamazinga amathathu.Imisebenzi yabo eyinhloko izinsizakalo zezempilo zomphakathi, ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezibanzi ezifana nokunakekelwa kwezempilo kokuvimbela, imfundo yezempilo, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuyisisekelo, imithi yendabuko yamaShayina, kanye neziqondiso zokuhlela umndeni kubahlali basemaphandleni.Idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuxazululeni izindaba ezishisayo ezifana nokwelashwa okunzima nokumba eqolo emphakathini.
Izikhungo zezempilo zasemalokishini zitholakala kakhulu ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezikude ezingenawo amapayipi kamasipala, futhi indle ingalahlwa ngokuqondile, ilimaza kakhulu imvelo futhi idale umonakalo omkhulu ezimpilweni zabantu.Ngaso leso sikhathi, indle ekhiqizwe isikhungo sezempilo ithululelwa emanzini aseduze ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ingcolisa imithombo yamanzi angaphezulu, kanti udoti wasesibhedlela unobuthi ngokwengxenye, okubeka engcupheni yokusabalalisa leli gciwane kubantu.Ukuze kuvikelwe imvelo ezungezile elokishini, kuthuthukiswe umnotho esimeme, kuvikelwe ukuphepha kwezimpilo zabantu bendawo, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwabantu akuthinteki, kuyadingeka futhi kuyadingeka ukwakha.ukwelashwa kwendleequipment.
Indle ephuma ezikhungweni zezempilo zasemalokishini ikhiqizwa kakhulu ekusebenzeni kweminyango efana namagumbi okuxilonga nawokwelapha, amagumbi okwelapha kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo.Ukungcola okuyinhloko okuqukethwe ekukhunjweni kwendle ezikhungweni zezempilo zasemalokishini amagciwane (amaqanda ayizimuncagazi, amagciwane, amagciwane, njll.), izinto eziphilayo, izinto eziqinile ezintantayo nezimisiwe, izinto ezingcolisa imisebe, njll. ^ 8/mL.Uma kuqhathaniswa namanzi angcolile ezimbonini, amanzi angcolile ezokwelapha anezici zomthamo omncane wamanzi namandla anamandla okungcola.
Izimiso Zokwelashwa KwendleIsitshalo Ezikhungweni Zezempilo
Ngenxa yemvelo enamandla yegciwane lendle yezokwelapha, isimiso seukwelashwa kwendle esibhedlela isitshaloukuhlukanisa ikhwalithi nokwelashwa, ukuhlukanisa nokuphatha izindawo zendawo, nokuqeda ukungcola emithonjeni eseduze.Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko yi-biochemistry kanye nokubulala amagciwane.
Indlela ye-Biochemical indlela yokuxhumana ne-oxidation etholakala endleleni ye-biofilm, ehlanganisa ukugcwalisa inani elithile lokugcwalisa ithangi le-biological contact oxidation.Ngokusebenzisa i-biofilm exhunywe ku-filler kanye nokunikezwa kwe-oksijeni eyanele, i-organic matter emanzini angcolile i-oxidized futhi ibole nge-oxidation yezinto eziphilayo, ukufeza injongo yokuhlanza.
Umgomo wokwelapha uwukuxhuma ingxenye yangaphambili ye-anaerobic kanye nengxenye yangemuva ye-aerobic ndawonye.Esigabeni se-anaerobic, amabhaktheriya e-heterotrophic enza i-hydrolyze izinto eziphilayo ezincibilikayo emanzini angcolile zibe ama-organic acid, okubangela ukuthi i-macromolecular organic matter ibole ibe yi-molecule encane yezinto eziphilayo.Izinto eziphilayo ezingancibiliki ziguqulwa zibe izinto eziphilayo ezincibilikayo, futhi ukungcola okunjengamaphrotheni namafutha afakwa ammoniated (N on the organic chain noma amaqembu amino kuma-amino acids) ukuze akhulule i-ammonia (NH3, NH4+).Kukhona ama-microorganisms e-aerobic kanye nama-autotrophic bacteria (amagciwane okugaya) esigabeni se-aerobic, lapho ama-microorganisms e-aerobic ebola izinto eziphilayo zibe yi-CO2 ne-H2O;Ngaphansi kwezimo ezanele zokuhlinzeka nge-oksijeni, i-nitrification yebhaktheriya ye-autotrophic i-oxidize i-NH3-N (NH4 +) ku-NO3-, ebuyiselwa esigabeni se-anoxic ngokulawulwa kwe-reflux.Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-anoxic, i-denitrification ye-heterotrophic bacterium kunciphisa i-NO3- ku-nitrogen yamangqamuzana (N2), ukuqedela ukujikeleza kwe-C, N, no-O ku-ecosystem, ukufeza ukwelashwa okungenabungozi kwendle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-22-2023