Ibigo nderabuzima byo mu mijyi ni ibigo byita ku buzima bw’ubuzima rusange byateguwe na guverinoma, kandi ni ihuriro ry’imiyoboro y’ubuzima yo mu cyaro mu byaro bitatu.Inshingano zabo nyamukuru ni serivisi z'ubuzima rusange, zitanga serivisi zuzuye nko kwita ku buzima bwo kwirinda, uburezi bw’ubuzima, ubuvuzi bw’ibanze, ubuvuzi gakondo bw’Abashinwa, ndetse n’ubuyobozi bwo kuboneza urubyaro ku baturage bo mu cyaro.Ifite uruhare runini mugukemura ibibazo bishyushye nko kwivuza bigoye kandi bihenze kubaturage.
Ibigo nderabuzima byo mu mijyi ahanini biherereye mu mijyi ya kure idafite imiyoboro ya komini, kandi imyanda irashobora gusohoka gusa mu buryo butaziguye, byangiza cyane ibidukikije kandi byangiza ubuzima bw’abantu.Muri icyo gihe kandi, imyanda ituruka ku kigo nderabuzima isohoka mu mazi y’amazi yegeranye nta muti, yanduye amasoko y’amazi yo hejuru, kandi imyanda y’ibitaro ni uburozi igice, bikaba bishobora guteza abantu virusi.Mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije bikikije umujyi, guteza imbere iterambere rirambye ry’ubukungu, kurengera umutekano w’ubuzima bw’abaturage, no kureba ko umusaruro w’abantu utagira ingaruka, birakenewe kandi ni ngombwa kubakagutunganya imyandaeibicuruzwa.
Umwanda uva mu bigo nderabuzima byo mu mujyi uturuka ahanini ku bikorwa by’amashami nk’ibyumba byo gusuzuma no kuvura, ibyumba by’ubuvuzi, n’ibyumba byihutirwa.Ibyuka bihumanya bikubiye mu mwanda w’ibigo nderabuzima byo mu mijyi ni indwara zitera indwara (amagi ya parasitike, bagiteri ziterwa na virusi, virusi, n’ibindi), ibintu kama, ibinyabuzima bireremba kandi byahagaritswe, ibyuka bihumanya radiyo, n’ibindi. ^ 8 / mL.Ugereranije n’amazi mabi yinganda, amazi mabi yubuvuzi afite ibiranga ubwinshi bwamazi nimbaraga zikomeye zanduye.
Amahame yo gutunganya umwandaGutera mu bigo nderabuzima
Bitewe nuburyo bukomeye bwa virusi yimyanda yubuvuzi, ihame ryakuvura imyanda y'ibitaro igihingwani ugutandukanya ubuziranenge nubuvuzi, gutandukanya no kuvura uturere twaho, no gukuraho umwanda uturuka hafi.Uburyo nyamukuru bwo kuvura ni biohimiki na disinfection.
Uburyo bwa biohimiki nuburyo bwo guhuza okiside ikomoka muburyo bwa biofilm, burimo kuzuza umubare munini wuzuza mu kigega cya okiside ya biologiya.Ukoresheje biofilm yometse ku kuzuza no gutanga ogisijene ihagije, ibintu kama mu mazi y’amazi birahinduka okiside kandi bikangirika binyuze muri okiside y’ibinyabuzima, bigera ku ntego yo kwezwa.
Ihame ryo kuvura nuguhuza igice cya anaerobic imbere nigice cyinyuma cyindege hamwe.Mu gice cya anaerobic, bacteri za heterotrophique hydrolyze zishonga ibintu kama mumazi mabi muri acide kama, bigatuma ibinyabuzima bya macromolekula bigenda byangirika mubintu bito bya molekile.Ibinyabuzima bidashobora gushonga bihindurwamo ibinyabuzima byangirika, kandi ibyuka bihumanya nka poroteyine n’ibinure byatewe amoni (N ku ruhererekane kama cyangwa amatsinda ya amino muri acide amine) kugirango amoniya yubusa (NH3, NH4 +).Hariho mikorobe zo mu kirere na bacteri za autotrophique (bacteri digestive) mu cyiciro cya aerobic, aho mikorobe yo mu kirere ibora ibintu kama muri CO2 na H2O;Mugihe gikwiye cyo gutanga ogisijeni ihagije, nitrifike ya bagiteri ya autotropique itera NH3-N (NH4 +) kuri NO3-, igasubizwa mu gice cya anoxic binyuze mu kugenzura ibintu.Mu bihe bidafite ubumara, gutandukanya bacteri za heterotropique bigabanya NO3- kugeza kuri azote ya molekile (N2), ikarangiza amagare ya C, N, na O muri ecosystem, ikagera ku gutunganya imyanda itagira ingaruka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-22-2023