Ibikoresho bishya byo gutunganya imyanda yo mu cyaro
Ibiranga imyanda yo mu cyaro irimo amazi yo guteka mu gikoni, kwiyuhagira, gukaraba, n'amazi yo mu musarani.Aya masoko y'amazi aratatanye kandi nta bikoresho byo gukusanya mu cyaro.Hamwe n'isuri y'amazi y'imvura, atemba mumazi yo hejuru, amazi yubutaka, namazi yubutaka nkinzuzi, ibiyaga, imyobo, ibyuzi, nibigega.Ibirimwo byinshi mubintu kama ningenzi biranga.
Saba ko ibipimo byose byerekana umwanda nyuma yo gutunganywa byujuje "Ikwirakwizwa ry’amazi yuzuye" GB8978-1996;Urwego rwa mbere rwa.Ibikoresho bimaze gukoreshwa, birashobora kugabanya imyanda itwara imyanda, kugabanya neza umwanda w’ibidukikije, no gukoresha neza amazi kugirango bigere kuri zeru.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho bishya byo gutunganya imyanda yo mucyaro:
1. Gushyira mu bikorwa politiki y’ibanze y’igihugu yo kurengera ibidukikije, no gushyira mu bikorwa politiki y’igihugu n’ibanze, amabwiriza, amahame, n’ibipimo;
2. Hashingiwe ko imyanda yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa kugira ngo bivurwe, hagomba gushyirwaho ingufu mu kuzigama ishoramari no gukoresha neza inyungu z’imibereho, ubukungu, n’ibidukikije by’imishinga itunganya imyanda;
3. Hitamo uburyo bwo gutunganya ibintu byoroshye, byoroshye gukora no gucunga, kandi bifite imirimo ihamye kandi yizewe;
4. Mugushushanya, gerageza gutandukana ukurikije imikorere kandi uharanire guhuzagurika mugihe ukora neza.
5. Gerageza gutekereza kuri automatisation ikora mugushushanya kugirango ugabanye ubukana bwabakozi;
6. Reba ingamba nko kwinjiza ihungabana, kugabanya urusaku, na deodorisiyasi yo gushyigikira uburyo bwo gutunganya imyanda kugirango ikureho umwanda wa kabiri ku bidukikije.
Amahame yo guhitamo inzira y'ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda yo mu ngo mu cyaro gishya:
Hariho imyanda myinshi kama mumazi yo murugo, hamwe na CODcr na BOD5, hamwe na BOD5 / CODcr bifite agaciro karenze 0.4, byerekana imikorere ya biohimiki.Nibyiza gufata inzira ishingiye kubinyabuzima kugirango ivurwe.Bitewe n’amazi menshi y’amazi, ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda byashyinguwe bigomba gukoreshwa mu gutunganya ibinyabuzima.Mbere yo kwinjira mubikoresho bya biohimiki, gerageza kuvanaho imyanda ireremba kandi nini nini yahagaritswe kumyanda yo murugo mugihe cyambere cyo kuyitunganya bishoboka, hanyuma winjire mumazi agenga imyanda kugirango wirinde ingaruka mbi kuri pompe itwara imyanda.
Amazi mabi yo murugo atunganyirizwa mu kigega cya septique.Amazi yo kwiyuhagira avangwa nandi miyoboro nyuma yo gutunganywa nuwashinzwe imisatsi hanyuma akinjira muri tank ya septique.Nyuma yo guterurwa na pompe, inyura muri gride ikinjira mumazi agenga imyanda nyuma yo gukuraho umwanda munini wahagaritswe.Umwanda uri mu kigega kigenzura uzamurwa na pompe ya lift hanyuma winjira mu bikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda.Umwanda uri mu bikoresho utunganywa na aside ya hydrolysis, okiside ihuza ibinyabuzima, imyanda n’ibindi bikorwa, hanyuma ikinjira muyungurura, Nyuma yo kuyungurura no kuyanduza, imyanda yujuje ubuziranenge hanyuma isohoka mu cyatsi.Amazi yo gutuza yakozwe nigikoresho cyimyanda mubikoresho byahujwe bijyanwa mukigega cya siliveri mubikoresho byahujwe binyuze mukwambura ikirere.Umuyoboro wibanze cyane, uratuzwa, kandi urigogorwa mu kigega cya siliveri, hanyuma ndengakamere isubizwa mu kigega cyabugenewe kugira ngo kivurwe hamwe n’amazi y’umwimerere.Amazi yibanze cyane aravomwa kandi akajyanwa mu gikamyo cy'ifumbire (hafi rimwe mu mezi atandatu).
Isesengura ryibikorwa byo gutunganya imyanda yo mu ngo mu cyaro gishya:
Grille
Grille irakosowe kandi ikozwe mubyuma bidafite ingese.Shiraho ibice bibiri binini kandi byiza kugirango ukureho ibice binini byahagaritswe hamwe n’umwanda ureremba mumazi.
Kugenzura ikigega na pompe yo guterura
Bitewe n’imihindagurikire igaragara mu bwiza no mu bwinshi bw’imyanda, birakenewe kugira ubushobozi buhagije bwo kugenzura ibigega kugira ngo amazi meza n’ubwinshi byinjire mu bikoresho bitunganya imyanda.
Ikigega kigenzura gifite pompe yimyanda itwarwa nogutwara amazi mabi mubikoresho byogutunganya imyanda.
Tank Ikigega cya Hydrolysis
Ikigega cya hydrolysis acide gifite ibikoresho byuzuye.Bitewe na hydrolysis hamwe na microorganisme ya acide muri iki kigega, amazi yanduye aba hydrolyz kandi acide mubintu bito bya molekile ntoya hamwe na macromolecular organic organique, ibyo bikaba bifasha kwangirika kwa bagiteri zo mu kirere mu kigega cya okiside.
Treatment Kuvura ibinyabuzima
Hashingiwe ku bwiza bw’imyanda yavuzwe haruguru, ubwinshi, n’ibisabwa gusohoka, hamwe n’ibiranga imyanda.Iyi sisitemu ya biohimiki izahuza ikigega cyo guhuza okiside, ikigega cyimyanda, ikigega cya sludge, icyumba cyabafana, ikigega cyo kwanduza indwara, nibindi bice mubice bimwe.Buri gice gifite imirimo ijyanye kandi gihujwe, kandi imyanda ya nyuma yujuje ubuziranenge.Ibikurikira bisobanurwa ukundi:
Uzuza ikigega cyo guhuza okiside hamwe nuwuzuza.Igice cyo hepfo gifite moteri, hamwe na sisitemu yo kuguruka ikozwe mumashanyarazi ya ABS yubuhanga.Inkomoko yumwuka wa sisitemu ya aeration itangwa numufana wihariye.
Igice cyo hejuru cyikigega cyimyanda gifite ibikoresho bishobora guhinduka kugirango bigabanye urwego rwamazi asohoka;Igice cyo hepfo gifite ahantu h'imitsi ihanamye hamwe nigikoresho cyo guterura ikirere, hamwe nisoko ryumuyaga ryatanzwe nabafana.Umuyoboro ujyanwa mu kigega cya siliveri unyuze mu kirere.Igihe cyo kugumisha mu kigega cya silige ni iminsi 60.Amazi yatanzwe nubutaka bwa sisitemu asohoka mu kigega cya shitingi hamwe no kuzamura ikirere, aho imyanda iba yibanze, igatuzwa ikabikwa.Imiyoboro ya Aeration ishyirwa munsi yikigega kugirango hirindwe igogorwa rya anaerobic igogora kubyara biyogazi, no guhagarika okiside kugirango igabanye igiteranyo cyose;Amashanyarazi yibanze asunikwa kandi atwarwa namakamyo y'ifumbire.Igice cyo hejuru cyikigega cya silige gifite ibikoresho ndengakamere byo kugarura ibintu ndengakamere kuri tank ya hydrolysis ya aside.
Kwanduza: Mbere yo gusohora bwa nyuma, kwanduza dioxyde ya chlorine.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-15-2023