Zida Zatsopano Zothirira Zonyansa Zapakhomo Zakumidzi
Makhalidwe a zimbudzi za m’nyumba za m’midzi ndi monga madzi ophikira m’khitchini, osamba, ochapira, ndi madzi akuchimbudzi.Magwero amadziwa amwazikana ndipo kumidzi kulibe malo otolera.Ndi kukokoloka kwa madzi a mvula, amapita kumadzi a pamwamba pa madzi, madzi a nthaka, ndi pansi pa nthaka monga mitsinje, nyanja, ngalande, maiwe, ndi madamu.Zomwe zili pamwamba pa organic matter ndizomwe zimapangidwira.
Amafuna kuti zizindikiro zonse za zimbudzi pambuyo mankhwala kukumana "Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standard" GB8978-1996;Miyezo yoyamba ya mlingo wa.Zida zikagwiritsidwa ntchito, zimatha kuchepetsa kutayira kwa zimbudzi, kuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira madzi kuti athetse ziro.
Mfundo zopangira zida zatsopano zakumidzi zakumidzi:
1. Kukhazikitsa mfundo zofunika za dziko pa katetezedwe ka chilengedwe, ndikukhazikitsa mfundo za dziko ndi m'deralo, malamulo, zikhalidwe ndi mfundo;
2. Poganizira kuti madzi otayira amakwaniritsa zofunikira zoyeretsera, kuyesetsa kusungitsa ndalama ndikukweza bwino phindu la ntchito zachimbudzi, zachuma, ndi chilengedwe;
3. Sankhani njira yoyendetsera yomwe imasintha, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kuyendetsa, ndipo imakhala ndi ntchito zokhazikika komanso zodalirika;
4. Mu mapangidwe, yesani kugawa malinga ndi ntchito ndi kuyesetsa compactness pamene kuonetsetsa processing bwino.
5. Yesetsani kulingalira za makina ogwiritsira ntchito pakupanga kuti muchepetse mphamvu ya ogwira ntchito;
6. Ganizirani njira monga kutsekemera kwadzidzidzi, kuchepetsa phokoso, ndi kununkhira pofuna kuthandizira njira zowonongeka zowonongeka kuti zithetse kuipitsidwa kwachiwiri kwa chilengedwe.
Mfundo zakusankha njira zochotsera zinyalala zapanyumba m'madera akumidzi atsopano:
Pali zonyansa zambiri zam'madzi m'madzi am'nyumba, okhala ndi CODcr ndi BOD5 yapamwamba, ndi BOD5 / CODcr zomwe zimaposa 0.4, zomwe zikuwonetsa magwiridwe antchito abwino a biochemical.Ndikoyenera kutengera njira yopangira mankhwala a biochemical.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi otayira, zida zokwiriridwa zophatikizira zonyansa ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza biochemical.Asanalowe mankhwala amuzolengedwa chipangizo, yesani kuchotsa zoyandama ndi lalikulu tinthu inaimitsidwa zonyansa ku zimbudzi m'nyumba pa siteji chisanadze mankhwala mmene ndingathere, ndiyeno kulowa zimbudzi malamulo thanki kupewa mavuto pa zimbudzi zonyamula mpope.
Madzi otayira m'nyumba amatsukidwa mu thanki ya septic.Madzi osamba osamba amasakanizidwa ndi zinyalala zina atatsukidwa ndi wotolera tsitsi ndiyeno amalowa mu tanki ya septic.Pambuyo pa kukwezedwa ndi mpope, imadutsa mu gridi ndikulowa mu thanki yoyendetsa zimbudzi pambuyo pochotsa zonyansa zazikulu zomwe zaimitsidwa.Zonyansa mu thanki yowongolera zimakwezedwa ndi mpope wokweza ndikulowa m'zida zophatikizira zonyansa.The zimbudzi mu zipangizo ankachitira ndi hydrolysis acidification, kwachilengedwenso kukhudzana makutidwe ndi okosijeni, sedimentation ndi njira zina, ndiyeno amalowa fyuluta, Pambuyo kusefera ndi disinfection, ndi effluent akukumana mfundo ndi kutulutsidwa kwa greening.Dongosolo lokhazikika lomwe limapangidwa ndi thanki ya sedimentation mu zida zophatikizika zimatumizidwa ku tanki ya sludge mu zida zophatikizika kudzera muzochotsa mpweya.Dothilo limakhazikika, kukhazikika, ndi kugayidwa mu thanki yamatope, ndipo chowonjezeracho chimabwezeredwa ku tanki yowongolera kuti ichiritsidwenso limodzi ndi madzi onyansa oyamba.Dothi lokhazikika limapopedwa ndikutengedwa ndi galimoto ya manyowa (kamodzi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse).
Kuwunika kwa njira zopangira zida zochotsera zinyalala m'madera akumidzi atsopano:
① Grille
Grille imakhazikika ndikupangidwa ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.Khazikitsani zigawo ziwiri zowoneka bwino komanso zowoneka bwino kuti muchotse tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tiyimitsidwa ndi zonyansa zoyandama m'madzi.
② Kuwongolera thanki ndi mpope wonyamulira
Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa khalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa zimbudzi, m'pofunika kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zoyendetsera tank kuti zikhazikitse ubwino wa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwake komwe kumalowa muzitsulo zophatikizira zonyansa.
Tanki yoyang'anira imakhala ndi pampu yamadzi yolowera pansi pamadzi kuti ikweze madzi oyipa kupita ku zida zophatikizira zochotsa zimbudzi.
③ thanki ya Hydrolysis acidification
Tanki ya hydrolysis acidification ili ndi zodzaza ndi kompositi.Pansi pa zochita za hydrolysis ndi acidification tizilombo mu thanki iyi, madzi oipa ndi hydrolyzed ndi acidified mu ang'onoang'ono molekyulu zinthu ndi macromolecular organic zosafunika, amene amathandiza kuwonongeka kwa mabakiteriya aerobic mu kukhudzana makutidwe ndi okosijeni thanki.
④ Chithandizo chamankhwala
Kutengera zomwe tatchulazi zaukhondo, kuchuluka, ndi zofunikira zokhetsera, kuphatikiza ndi mawonekedwe a zimbudzi.Dongosolo lazachilengedweli lidzaphatikiza thanki yolumikizirana makutidwe ndi okosijeni, thanki yothira madzi, thanki yamatope, chipinda cha fan, thanki yopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi magawo ena kukhala amodzi.Chigawo chilichonse chimakhala ndi ntchito zofananira ndipo chimalumikizidwa kwa wina ndi mnzake, ndipo madzi otayira omaliza amakumana ndi muyezo.Zotsatirazi zikufotokozedwa mosiyana:
Dzazani thanki ya oxidation ndi zodzaza.Mbali yapansi ili ndi aerator, ndipo makina opangira mpweya amapangidwa ndi mapaipi apulasitiki a ABS engineering.Gwero la mpweya wa dongosolo la aeration limaperekedwa ndi fan yokonzedwa mwapadera.
Kumtunda kwa thanki ya sedimentation kumakhala ndi chosinthira chotuluka kuti chiwongolere kuchuluka kwa madzi;M'munsimu muli ndi conical sedimentation zone ndi sludge air lift device, ndi mpweya gwero loperekedwa ndi fan.Dothilo limasamutsidwa kupita ku thanki yamatope kudzera mu lifti ya mpweya.Nthawi yosungiramo matope mu thanki yamatope ndi pafupifupi masiku 60.Dothi lopangidwa ndi dongosolo la sedimentation limatayidwa mu thanki ya sludge pokweza mpweya, pomwe matopewo amakhazikika, kukhazikika ndikusungidwa.Mipope ya mpweya imayikidwa pansi pa thanki kuteteza sludge anaerobic chimbudzi kuti apange biogas, ndi oxidize ndi sludge kuchepetsa okwana matope;Zinyalala zokhazikika zimapopedwa ndi kunyamulidwa ndi magalimoto onyamula manyowa.Kumtunda kwa thanki ya sludge kuli ndi chipangizo cha supernatant reflux kuti chisefukire chapamwamba kupita ku thanki ya asidi hydrolysis.
⑤ Kuphera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Asanatuluke komaliza, thirirani mankhwala ndi chlorine dioxide.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-15-2023